Toe Capacity Load

When the piles are inserted in cohesive soils then the ultimate load can calculated by:


Qbu= Abq= Ab Nc cu

where
Ab =end-bearing area of pile

q= bearing capacity of soil
Nt =bearing-capacity factor

cu= undrained shear strength of soil within zone
1 pile diameter above and 2 diameters below pile tip

Although theoretical conditions suggest that Nc may vary between about 8 and 12, Nc is usually taken as 9.
For cohesionless soils, the toe resistance stress, q, is conventionally expressed in terms of a bearing capacity factor Nq and the effective overburden pressure at the pile tip

q=NNq ?’vo<=qt

Some research indicates that, for piles in sands, q, like fs,
reaches a quasi-constant value, ql , after penetrations of the bearing stratum in the range of 10 to 20 pile diameters. Approximately:

ql=0.5Nq tan?

where
?= friction angle of the bearing soils below the critical depth. Empirical correlations of soil test data with q and ql have also been applied to predict successfully end bearing capacity of piles in sand.

piles engineering

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