Shaft Settlement
Empirical correlations or load-deformation compatibility analyses are usually done to estimate shaft settlements . Other methods used to estimate settlement of drilled shafts, singly or in groups, are identical to those used for piles.
Axial-load Capacity of single pile
Pile capacity Qu is the sum of the shaft and toe resistances, Qsu and Qbu, respectively.
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Foundation - Stability Analysis
The maximum load that can be sustained by shallow foundation elements due to the bearing capacity is a function of the cohesion and friction angle of bearing soils as well as the width B and shape of the foundation. The net bearing capacity per unit area, qu, of a long footing is con ventionally expressed as:
Groups of Piles
A cluster of piles or several piles in a row are called group of piles.The stability of the pile groups is dictated by the pile group geometry and the direction and location of the load, as well as by subsurface conditions.
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Toe Capacity Load
When the piles are inserted in cohesive soils then the ultimate load can calculated by:
Laterally loaded vertical piles
Vertical-pile resistance to lateral loads is a function of both the flexural stiffness of the shaft, the stiffness of the bearing soil in the upper 4 to 6D length of shaft, where D=pile diameter and the degree of pile-head fixity.
Allowable loads on piles
The most commoly used formula to determine the allowable static load on a pile is the Engineering News formula.This is given below:
Pa=(2WH)/(p+1)
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